Recognize the Characteristics of Children's Learning Disorders and How to Overcome It
Recognize the Characteristics of Children's Learning Disorders and How to Overcome It
This health information has been reviewed and edited by: dr. Damar Upahita - General Physician
Recognize the Characteristics of Children's Learning Disorders and How to Overcome It
Children learning disorders can vary, ranging from difficulties or delays in writing, reading, arithmetic, or motor skills. Don't accuse him of being lazy, let alone stupid. Indeed, not all children can easily receive the lessons they get at school.
There are some children who experience learning disabilities, it is difficult to read and write, even though friends at their age are fluent and able to do it. The following is a complete explanation of learning disorders, starting from the understanding, characteristics, causes, and ways to overcome them.
What is a learning disorder in children?
learning disorder
Children who have learning difficulties, it does not mean your child is not smart and has no ability at all to accept the lessons given. Children's learning disorders are problems that affect the brain's ability to receive, process, analyze, or store information, thus slowing the child in academic development.
The Helpguide further explained that children's learning disorders are related to problems in reading, writing, mathematics, ways of thinking, listening and speaking.
However, as a parent, you should not be disappointed. The fact is that children who have this disorder tend to be smarter and smarter than normal children.
What are the characteristics of learning disorders in children?
Signs of a child having a learning disorder have been seen since he was 3-5 years old. During these times, usually children will experience rapid cognitive development in infants, so children who experience learning disorders will experience delays. However, the signs of learning disabilities in children vary and are determined according to age:
- Having problems reciting words.
- Trouble choosing the right words.
- Difficulty learning to recognize letters, numbers, colors, shapes, and names of days.
- Difficulty following simple directions or following daily routines.
- Difficulty in coloring using crayons or colored pencils.
- Problem with some parts, such as buttons, zippers, and attach shoes.
- Difficulty in learning to match images and sounds (for example, pictures of cats with meow sounds).
- Confusion with basic words when learning to read.
- Slow in learning new abilities.
- Read and say the wrong words consistently and repeatedly.
- Trouble with simple mathematical concepts.
- Difficulty in understanding the concept of time and remembering things.
- Difficulty in reading and basic mathematics.
- Avoid reading aloud.
- Do not like to read and write.
- Poor self-organizing skills (tidying up rooms, doing schoolwork, cleaning desks).
- Difficulty in following discussions and not being able to express opinions in the classroom.
- Problems with words and quizzes at school.
Even if you find more than one of these signs in a child, you must still bring your child to be examined by a professional, so that it is known with certainty what learning difficulties experienced by the child.
Reporting from the Mayo Clinic, when you feel the child has the characteristics of learning disorders above, you should ask for an evaluation from the teacher at school or undergo a test with a doctor.
This test is to check whether the child has other medical problems, such as vision and hearing problems, before convicting the child to have a learning disorder. This test involves professional teams, such as psychologists, special education teachers, therapists, and nurses.
Determine the child has a learning disorder can not be arbitrary. It takes medical test results, a review of the child's academic performance, and evaluation from parents. One form of relevant learning disorder is hyperactivity related to the development of academic skills.
What causes learning disorders occur in children?
help learning dyslexic children
Most learning disorders occur due to a disruption to the development of a child's brain, whether when the child is in the womb, at birth, or when he is a toddler. Some things that can cause a child to experience brain development disorders are:
Mothers experience complications during pregnancy.
There was a problem during labor, which made oxygen not received by the baby and caused his brain to be disrupted.
When a toddler, children experience severe pain such as meningitis or trauma to the head.
Even so, until now experts do not know for certain what causes this learning disorder to occur in children.
What are the types of learning disorders in children?
forcing children to learn and get good grades
There are many types and types of learning disorders that can be experienced by children, but here are some disorders that are very often experienced, namely:
Learning disabilities in reading skills
Launch of Healthy Children, a study shows that reading disorders are one of the most common learning disorders children have.
At least 80 percent of them are diagnosed with learning disabilities in reading skills. Children who have problems with reading skills can imagine letters, but have difficulty combining words with different sounds.
Most learning disorders related to reading relate to difficulties in recognizing basic words and understanding reading books. Reading disability is also related to children's thinking ability in understanding things. If as a child the child has a reading disorder, as an adult the problem is still there are still around 40 percent in themselves.
Learning disabilities in terms of reading ability cannot be detected by neurological tests, such as brain wave tests. Rather it is identified from the level of reading compared to peers. To detect this, collaboration is needed between the schools, so that the therapy is carried out in accordance with the core problem of the child.
Dyslexia is a form of learning disorder in terms of reading ability. Dyslexia is a learning difficulty in children that makes it difficult for them to write, read, and spell.
Some common symptoms experienced by children who have dyslexia are difficult to process and remember new things, it is difficult to pronounce new words, including learning a foreign language.
Learning disabilities in counting skills
Learning disorders in terms of counting marked with children often make mistakes for basic mathematics. For example, children have difficulty working on columns that are not aligned for addition or division. The difficulty to calculate simple additions or subtractions and remember numbers.
In medical terms, calculating disorders called Diskalkulia. Diskalkulia is the inability of a child to count. The dyscalculia sign will vary from person to person, but most children with dyscalculia cannot recognize numbers.
When growing up, they will be hard to do simple calculations and even difficult to remember numbers, so that children experience learning disabilities.
Learning disabilities in writing skills
Writing impairment is almost the same as reading. The thing that distinguishes, children have difficulty arranging sentences, arranging paragraphs, using grammar, punctuation, and correct spelling in written form.
When children have verbal or pronunciation problems, they are likely to experience problems in writing and math or counting skills.
This disorder is associated with ADHD or behavioral disorders that occur in children. They also have difficulty in making good and correct writing. Sometimes the writing cannot be read because it is unclear and makes the child experience learning disabilities.
Dysgraphia, known as difficulty in writing. A child who experiences this, will even be difficult to hold a pencil or pen to write which affects learning disabilities.
Other signs that are seen from learning disabilities in writing ability are, children show their dislike of the activities of drawing or writing, mentioning or saying words that are very loud when writing, and it is difficult to write sentences in good and correct form.
Learning disabilities in motor skills
Impaired motor skills are diagnosed when a child experiences significant motor skills problems, which can interfere with daily activities. Unlike reading, writing, and counting disorders which are often the focus of parents, impaired motor skills are often ignored because they are not considered to have a large influence on learning disorders.
Impaired motor skills are characterized by coordination between limbs not going well. In their teens, children with this disorder are not proficient in sports subjects.
One motor disorder that is often found is dyspraxia. Dyspraxia is a disorder that occurs in the child's motor coordination, such as the coordination of hand or foot movements.
Some of the symptoms that may occur are the child becomes sensitive to light, taste, or smell, it is difficult to move various senses in his body, has a poor balance ability. This is one that affects learning disorders in children.
How to overcome learning disorders in children
How do you deal with learning disorders? There are several ways to overcome them so that children's learning abilities become better. Here are things that can be done to help children's learning disorders, as reported by Healthy Children:
Focus on children's abilities
When a child has a learning disorder, of course he also has abilities in other fields. Do not because children do not excel at school, you become focused on the shortcomings. If your child experiences dyslexia, of course he has interests and talents in other fields that can be sharpened. While you do the therapy with the experts.
Choose therapy according to the child's inability
It is important for parents to know the types of learning disorders experienced by children. For example, when your child has dysgraphia and at school he needs a written test, give therapy to improve hand and eye coordination. You can train your child by taking notes on a laptop while learning to type well.
Avoid saying the words "lazy" and "stupid" in children
Learning disorders can indeed interfere with the ability of children, both academically and not. When the child realizes that he is experiencing a bad and problematic condition at school, the child really needs encouragement from parents and family. Labeling children or saying negative words, such as "stupid", "lazy" can make children less confident.
Undergo therapy
The Mayo Clinic explains that therapy is very beneficial for children who have learning disorders. There are several types of therapy according to the needs of children. Therapy can improve the motor skills of children who have writing problems, while speech therapists can help children's language skills.
Using drugs according to doctor's recommendations
The drug is used when a doctor sees a child experiencing depression or severe anxiety due to learning problems. These drugs are used for children who are hyperactive to improve the child's ability to concentrate at home.
Change habits
In addition to using medicines prescribed by your doctor, you can also change your habits to help your child's learning disorder. Some changes you can make, such as changing your diet, taking vitamins, exercising your eyes, and using electronic devices to help children write and read.
There are various types of children's learning disorders that may occur. To ensure a child's learning disorder in your baby, consult a doctor. Then ask the doctor for recommendations for further treatment.
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